VBA Function LBound

Lbound function is to identify lowest number for array sequence by default is 0, with Option Base 1 on top of module then become 1 otherwise specify. For example Dim myArry(10) then Lbound = 0, with Option Base 1 then LBound = 1, another example Dim myArray(5 to 10) then Lbound = 5. Usually we Lbound pair with Ubound function to loop array from lowest to highest value.

Syntax : Lbound(arrayname, Dimension) , Returns : Numeric

Example of Dimension
MyArray(10) = Single Dimension
MyArray(5 to 10) = Single Dimension
MyArray(2 to 10, 5 to 12) = 2 Dimension (Key in 1 or 2 for dimension)
MyArray(2 to 10, 5 to 12, 4 to 10) = 3 Dimension (Key in 1, 2 or 3) and etc

VBA Vode:

Option Explicit
Option Base 1 ' Set default array subscripts to 1.
Sub Examples_LBoundArray()
    
    Dim myArray1(10)
    Dim myArray2(5 To 10)
    Dim myArray3(5 To 10, 3 To 15)
    
    Debug.Print LBound(myArray1) 'Answer = 1 (Option Base 1)
    Debug.Print LBound(myArray2) 'Answer = 5
    Debug.Print LBound(myArray3, 1) 'Answer = 5
    Debug.Print LBound(myArray3, 2) 'Answer = 3

End Sub

Note: 

For single dimension array we don't have to specify dimension in syntax.

Microsoft Reference-Lbound-function
Other Reference-Lbound-function

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VBA Function Join

Join function is joining a number of sub strings contained in an array. This string joint by delimiter specified in our syntax. Therefore we must understand well what array is before used. The detail array is Here. There are rules to follow:

1) Only single dimension array are allow.
2) Only Sting or Variant data type otherwise error "Run-time error '5': Invalid procedure call or argument.
3) To joint with space then we use " ".
4) To joint with nothing then we use "".
5) Be careful with start point either 0 or1 (Option Base 1), if we use Option Base 1 then we must start with 1 otherwise start with 0. Joining result is not accurate when start point is not matched.

Syntax : Join(Array, [delimiter]), Return : Array(0) delimiter Array(1) delimiter Array(2) ....

Below example is to joint String data type with delimiter comma (,):

VBA Vode:

Option Explicit
Option Base 1 ' Set default array subscripts to 1.
Sub Examples_JoinString()

    Dim StrVar() As String

    ReDim Preserve StrVar(1): StrVar(1) = "Tutorial VBA"
    ReDim Preserve StrVar(2): StrVar(2) = "Excel VBA"
    ReDim Preserve StrVar(3): StrVar(3) = "Programming"
    ReDim Preserve StrVar(4): StrVar(4) = "Excel Formula"
    ReDim Preserve StrVar(5): StrVar(5) = "Visual Basic"
    
    Debug.Print Join(StrVar, ",")
    
End Sub

Note:
The answer for the above is:

Tutorial VBA,Excel VBA,Programming,Excel Formula,Visual Basic

If we never put Option Base 1 at module level the result will different and not accurate because we never assigned StrVar(0) value. The result as below:

,Tutorial VBA,Excel VBA,Programming,Excel Formula,Visual Basic

Microsoft Reference-Join-function
Other Reference-Join-function

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Excel specification and limitation

Before getting serious in our coding it is better to know detail specification and limitation of Excel Workbook and Worksheet. For example:

Total Number of Rows : 1,048,576
Total Number of Columns : 16,384
Column width : 255 characters
Row Height : 409 points

All these data will help us to decide what data type to use for example when we work with rows then we use long and column integer is enough and etc. This also help us to prevent error and our code more accurate. For more detail please refer below link.

Microsoft Reference-Excel-specifications-and-limits

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Data type - Variant

Data type Variant is represent all data type for variables even more widen or general. If we declare variables without data type at the end then system consider as variant. We can choose either Dim VrtVar as Variant or Dim VrtVar only. In case we don't know what data type to use then Variant is the only choice we have.

For more example refer below table and code.
Below example we try to group the data either number, string, date or empty.

VBA Vode:

Option Explicit
Sub Examples_DataType_Variant()
    
    Dim i As Integer, StrVar
    With ActiveSheet
        i = 2
        Do
            StrVar = .Range("B" & i)
            If IsEmpty(StrVar) Then
                Range("C" & i) = "Empty"
            ElseIf IsDate(StrVar) Then
                Range("C" & i) = "Date"
            Else
                If IsNumeric(StrVar) Then
                    Range("C" & i) = "Number"
                Else
                    Range("C" & i) = "String"
                End If
            End If
            Set StrVar = Nothing
            i = i + 1
        Loop While .Range("A" & i) <> ""
    End With
    
End Sub

Note:
Please remember Variant data type is not easy to handle because we need to test before proceed otherwise it will generate error.

Microsoft Reference-Variant-data-type
Other Reference-Variant-data-type

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VBA Function IsObject

IsObject function is to check whether variables or identifier already assigned as object or not and return as Boolean either True or False.

Syntax : IsObject(Variables) , Return : True/False

1) Below example is for True case.

VBA Vode:

Option Explicit
Sub Examples_IsObject_True()

    Dim ObjVar
    
    Set ObjVar = ActiveWorkbook
    Debug.Print IsObject(ObjVar) 'True

End Sub

Note:
As you can see ObjVar already assigned as ActiveWorkbook, then the result is True.

1) Below example is for False case.

VBA Vode:

Option Explicit
Sub Examples_IsObject_False()

    Dim ObjVar

    Debug.Print IsObject(ObjVar) 'False
    
End Sub

Note:
The ObjVar is not assigned to anything, then the result is False.

Microsoft Reference-Isobject-function
Other Reference-Isobject-function

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